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Takahashi 1991


Plate 47

Suborder: Phaeodaria
Families: Challengeriidae

Figure, Species, Station depth (m), Type of Micrograph, Magnification

1. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ovate form; lateral view, PB: 667, SEM, x 120.

2. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ovate form; oblique dorsal view, PB: 667, SEM, x 100.

3. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ovate form; lateral view, E: 988, LM, x 210.

4. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ovate form; lateral view, E: 988, LM, x 210.

5. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ellipsoidal form; lateral view, PB: 1268, LM, x 210.

6. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ellipsoidal form; lateral view, P1: 2778, SEM, x 190.

7. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Ellipsoidal form; lateral view. Specimen purposely broken for observation of microstructure., PB: 1268, SEM, x 215.

8. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, An extensively dissolved specimen. Note skeletal microstructure., PB: 3791, SEM, x 330.

9. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Same specimen; outside surface, PB: 3791, SEM, x 800.

10. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Same specimen; inside and outside surfaces of amphora structure are shown., PB: 3791, SEM, x 2600.

11. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Typical sediment trap specimen showing solid unit of amphorae and porous cementing unit between amphorae; cross section and inside surface., PB: 1268, SEM, x 3400.

12. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, A section of figure 11; note the porous area is composed of tubes., PB: 667, TEM, x 11,900.

13. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Relatively undissolved specimen showing indistinguishable porocity between amphorae and cementing units., P1: 978, SEM, x 2400. *a

14. Challengeron willemoesii Haeckel, Cross section of undissolved specimen, PB: 0-100 plankton tow, TEM, x 20100. *b


*a: Notice how necks of amphorae secure themselves with inside surface membrane.

*b: Note that pores (ca. 50-500 angstom in diameter) are distributed in the part corresponding to the cementing units of figure 8-12, but not on surfaces of amphorae nor outside of shell; conchoidal fractures are artifact due to sectioning.